Ayurvedic Glossary

Your complete reference guide to traditional Ayurvedic terms and concepts. Each definition links to detailed explanations in our comprehensive learning resources.

Core Concepts

Agni

Digestive fire - the metabolic energy responsible for transformation, digestion, and absorption. Strong Agni is essential for health and vitality. Discover the complete guide to Agni and strengthening your digestive fire.

Ama

Toxins formed from undigested food and metabolic waste. Ama accumulates when Agni is weak and can lead to disease. Learn how to identify and eliminate Ama naturally.

Ojas

The essence of life that governs immunity, vitality, and overall well-being. Ojas is the final product of perfect digestion, metabolism, and tissue nourishment, representing your inner reserve of life-force. Discover how to build and protect your vital essence.
Prana
Life force energy that governs breathing, circulation, and nervous system function. Fresh, living foods enhance Prana in the body.
Tejas
Radiant energy and inner fire that governs metabolism, intelligence, and perception. Balanced Tejas creates mental clarity and healthy glow.

Dosha

Bioenergetic principles that govern physical and mental constitution. The three doshas are Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Explore the complete guide to doshas.

Vata

The dosha of movement, composed of air and space elements. Governs breathing, circulation, and nervous system. Learn about Vata constitution and balance.

Pitta

The dosha of transformation, composed of fire and water elements. Governs digestion, metabolism, and intelligence. Discover Pitta characteristics and dietary needs.

Kapha

The dosha of structure, composed of earth and water elements. Governs immunity, stability, and lubrication. Understand Kapha balance and nutrition.
Gunas
Qualities that describe the nature of substances and their effects on the body. Examples include heavy/light, hot/cold, dry/oily. Understanding Gunas helps in food selection. Learn more about the 20 Gunas and their applications.

Diet & Digestion

Rasa (Taste)
The six tastes that affect doshas and health: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Pungent, and Astringent. Balanced meals include all six tastes. Learn how to use the six tastes for balance.
Virya
The heating or cooling potency of foods that affects body temperature and metabolism. Important for seasonal eating and constitutional balance. Master the advanced theory of food's energetic effects.
Vipaka
The post-digestive effect of foods on the body's long-term balance. Determines how foods affect tissues and elimination after digestion. Understand the deeper effects of food beyond taste.
Ahara
Food and diet in general. Proper Ahara is considered one of the three pillars of health in Ayurveda, along with sleep and balanced energy.
Ahara Vidhi
Rules and guidelines for healthy eating, including proper timing, quantity, and food combinations. Essential for maintaining digestive health.
Pathya
Beneficial and recommended foods that support health and balance for an individual's constitution and current condition.
Apathya
Harmful or contraindicated foods that can disturb balance and health. What is Apathya varies based on individual constitution and health status.
Anna
Food substance or grain. In broader terms, refers to any nourishment that sustains life and promotes health.
Satmya
Habitual suitability of food - substances that agree with an individual through regular use and adaptation over time.
Samskara
Processing or preparation methods that transform the qualities of food, such as cooking, fermentation, or combining with spices.

Physiology & Anatomy

Dhatu
The seven bodily tissues that form the structural foundation of the body. Proper nutrition nourishes each Dhatu in sequence.

Prakriti

Your natural constitution or unique combination of doshas determined at conception, remaining constant throughout life. Understanding your Prakriti helps guide personalized wellness choices. Discover your Prakriti through dosha assessment.

Vikriti

Your current state of dosha balance or imbalance, which can change based on diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Vikriti assessment helps identify current needs for bringing the body back to its natural state. Check your current symptoms to assess Vikriti.
Rasa Dhatu
Plasma and lymph - the first tissue formed from digested food. Provides initial nourishment to all body systems.
Rakta Dhatu
Blood tissue that carries oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. Quality depends on the health of Rasa Dhatu.
Mamsa Dhatu
Muscle tissue that provides strength and movement. Requires protein-rich foods and proper exercise for health.
Meda Dhatu
Fat tissue that provides insulation, lubrication, and energy storage. Balance is key - too little or too much creates problems.
Asthi Dhatu
Bone tissue that provides structural support. Requires minerals, especially calcium and magnesium, for proper formation.
Majja Dhatu
Marrow and nervous tissue that governs communication and coordination. Nourished by healthy fats and calming practices.
Shukra Dhatu
Reproductive tissue responsible for fertility and vitality. The most refined tissue, requiring optimal nutrition and lifestyle.
Mala
Waste products including urine, feces, and sweat. Healthy elimination of Mala is essential for preventing toxin accumulation.
Srotas
Channels or pathways that transport substances throughout the body. Clear, healthy Srotas are vital for proper circulation and elimination.

Daily & Seasonal Living

Dinacharya
Daily routine aligned with natural rhythms. Includes optimal timing for meals, exercise, and rest to support health and balance.

Ritucharya

Seasonal routine that adjusts diet and lifestyle according to natural cycles. Learn the complete art of Ritucharya.
Brahma Muhurta
Early morning time (approximately 4-6 AM) considered ideal for spiritual practices, meditation, and preparing for the day.
Abhyanga
Self-massage with warm oil that nourishes the skin, calms the nervous system, and supports circulation and lymphatic drainage.
Nasya
Nasal administration of medicated oils or substances to clear the head, sinuses, and support respiratory health.
Gandusha/Kavala
Oil pulling or swishing with oil to support oral health, detoxification, and strengthen teeth and gums.

Therapies & Cleansing

Panchakarma

Fivefold detoxification therapy designed to remove deep-seated toxins and restore balance. Learn about Panchakarma benefits and process.
Snehana
Oleation therapy using oils internally and externally to prepare the body for detoxification and nourish tissues.
Swedana
Sudation or sweating therapy that opens channels, increases circulation, and prepares toxins for elimination.
Vamana
Therapeutic emesis used to eliminate excess Kapha and toxins from the upper body, particularly the lungs and stomach.
Virechana
Therapeutic purgation that eliminates excess Pitta and toxins from the small intestine and liver.
Basti
Medicated enema therapy considered the most important treatment for Vata-related disorders and overall rejuvenation.

Vibandha

Ayurvedic term for constipation, primarily caused by Vata dosha imbalance affecting the Apana Vata subtype that governs elimination. Characterized by dry, hard, or infrequent bowel movements. Learn natural remedies for Vibandha.

Rasayana

Rejuvenation therapy and substances that promote longevity, vitality, and optimal health. Includes both herbs and lifestyle practices.

Mind & Consciousness

Sattva
Mental quality of clarity, harmony, and balance. Sattvic foods and lifestyle support mental peace and spiritual growth.
Rajas
Mental quality of activity, agitation, and passion. Excessive Rajas can lead to restlessness and emotional turbulence.
Tamas
Mental quality of inertia, dullness, and ignorance. Excessive Tamas manifests as lethargy, depression, and lack of motivation.

Philosophical & Elemental

Pancha Mahabhutas
Five great elements (Ether, Air, Fire, Water, Earth) that form the foundation of all matter. Each dosha is composed of two elements.
Kosha
Five layers or sheaths of being that encompass physical, energetic, mental, wisdom, and bliss aspects of human existence.
Purusha
Pure consciousness or universal spirit - the unchanging awareness that witnesses all experiences and phenomena.

Classical Formulations

Manasamitra Vatakam

A traditional Ayurvedic formulation specifically designed for anxiety, fear, and emotional imbalance. This classical medicine helps calm Prana Vata and supports mental stability through nervine herbs and rejuvenative compounds. Learn about natural approaches to anxiety relief in Ayurveda.

Saraswatarishta

A fermented Ayurvedic preparation that supports cognition and nervous system strength. Named after Saraswati, the goddess of wisdom, this formulation enhances memory, concentration, and mental clarity while strengthening overall nervous system function. Discover more about Ayurvedic approaches to mental wellness.
Continue Your Ayurvedic Learning Journey

This glossary provides essential definitions to support your understanding of Ayurvedic principles. For detailed explanations and practical applications, explore our comprehensive guides and take our dosha quiz for personalized insights.